RIVERINE combines historical legacy data, innovative EO-based multi-temporal analysis and new field explorations to shed light on the dynamics between past populations, land use and fluvial geomorphology, with a particular focus on revealing the major pressing issues facing the preservation of archaeological mounds in riverine landscapes. The project will focus on the Northern Plains of the Indian subcontinent, in the adjacent regions of Jammu (India) and northern Punjab (Pakistan). The study area encompasses the upper basins of two major rivers, the Chenab and the Tawi, and it is also watered by an extensive network of smaller seasonal tributaries. River channel migration and floodplain change are frequent during episodes of intense summer and winter rainfall, the severity of which significantly affected the settlements and land management strategies of several ancient riverine cultures. The Northern Plains attested the north-western expansion of the Indus Civilisation (ca. 3300-1900 BCE), and recent evidence suggests that many more settlements flourished during the Early Historic period (ca. 600 BCE-600 CE). In modern periods, the area under study followed distinct cultural and political paths in a succession of South Asian kingdoms and empires (e.g. the Mughal, the Sikh, and the British Raj) until the India-Pakistan partition in 1947. The international border separates today two archaeologically and ecologically linked environments that face analogous threats and hazards of anthropic and fluvial origin. The Northern Plains therefore offer an optimal scenario to investigate riverine socio-ecological interactions.